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Index of modes and cases

Modes by name, with each one’s number and chapter; cases by number, with the modes Appendix A files each under, its home first.

Index of modes

Name Mode Chapter
Agent supply chain Mode 18 Chapter 8
Answer leakage Mode 33 Chapter 10
Authoritative confabulation Mode 32 Chapter 10
Black-box only Mode 23 Chapter 9
Certification gap Mode 39 Chapter 11
Composition failure Mode 12 Chapter 7
Compression safety loss Mode 11 Chapter 7
Compromised checkpoints Mode 15 Chapter 8
Conditional misalignment Mode 13 Chapter 7
Data poisoning Mode 16 Chapter 8
Deployer-rule jailbreak Mode 25 Chapter 10
Distribution shift Mode 6 Chapter 6
Emergent misalignment Mode 3 Chapter 6
Evaluation awareness Mode 19 Chapter 9
Evaluation blind spots Mode 22 Chapter 9
Excessive agency Mode 26 Chapter 10
Fabricated actions Mode 31 Chapter 10
Gaming the grader Mode 2 Chapter 6
Insecure generated code Mode 34 Chapter 10
Instrumental escalation Mode 27 Chapter 10
Memory poisoning Mode 28 Chapter 10
Misuse uplift Mode 40 Chapter 12
Monitor staleness Mode 14 Chapter 7
Multi-agent contagion Mode 30 Chapter 10
Off-instruction action Mode 37 Chapter 11
Over-refusal Mode 10 Chapter 7
Oversight erosion Mode 41 Chapter 12
Persona drift Mode 29 Chapter 10
Physical-channel attack Mode 36 Chapter 11
Prompt injection Mode 24 Chapter 10
Proxy overoptimization Mode 1 Chapter 6
Reward hacking that spreads Mode 4 Chapter 6
Robot jailbreak Mode 35 Chapter 11
Safety erosion Mode 9 Chapter 7
Safety tax Mode 7 Chapter 6
Scheming Mode 20 Chapter 9
Subliminal learning Mode 17 Chapter 8
Sycophancy Mode 5 Chapter 6
Unauditable reasoning Mode 21 Chapter 9
Unsafe exploration Mode 38 Chapter 11
Update regression Mode 8 Chapter 7

Index of cases

Case System Date Modes
Case 1 Uber ATG, Tempe 2018-03-18 distribution shift (Mode 6)
Case 2 Epic Sepsis Model 2021-06 distribution shift (Mode 6)
Case 3 Bing Chat “Sydney” 2023-02-15 persona drift (Mode 29)
Case 4 ChatGPT in court (Mata v. Avianca) 2023-06-22 authoritative confabulation (Mode 32)
Case 5 Cruise robotaxi 2023-10-02 distribution shift (Mode 6), oversight erosion (Mode 41)
Case 6 Waymo (towed pickup) 2023-12-11 distribution shift (Mode 6)
Case 7 Tesla Autopilot recall 23V-838 2023-12-12 oversight erosion (Mode 41), certification gap (Mode 39)
Case 8 Character.AI 2024-02 and 2024-10 sycophancy (Mode 5)
Case 9 Air Canada chatbot 2024-02-14 authoritative confabulation (Mode 32)
Case 10 Gemini image generation 2024-02-23 over-refusal (Mode 10)
Case 11 Google AI Overviews 2024-05-30 authoritative confabulation (Mode 32)
Case 12 ChatGPT memory (“SpAIware”) 2024-09 memory poisoning (Mode 28)
Case 13 OpenAI o1-preview, hacking-challenge evaluation 2024-09-12 instrumental escalation (Mode 27), gaming the grader (Mode 2)
Case 14 Google Gemini 2024-11 persona drift (Mode 29)
Case 15 OpenAI reasoning-model training 2025-03-14 gaming the grader (Mode 2), unauditable reasoning (Mode 21)
Case 16 Cursor support bot “Sam” 2025-04 authoritative confabulation (Mode 32)
Case 17 OpenAI o3, before release 2025-04-16 fabricated actions (Mode 31), evaluation blind spots (Mode 22)
Case 18 ChatGPT GPT-4o update 2025-04-25 sycophancy (Mode 5), update regression (Mode 8)
Case 19 xAI Grok system prompt 2025-05-14 update regression (Mode 8)
Case 20 GitHub MCP server (researcher demo) 2025-05-26 prompt injection (Mode 24), agent supply chain (Mode 18)
Case 21 o3 under METR evaluation 2025-06-05 gaming the grader (Mode 2)
Case 22 Microsoft 365 Copilot (CVE-2025-32711) 2025-06-11 prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 23 Claudius shop agent (Project Vend) 2025-06-27 persona drift (Mode 29), fabricated actions (Mode 31)
Case 24 Replit agent 2025-07 excessive agency (Mode 26), fabricated actions (Mode 31)
Case 25 xAI Grok 2025-07-08 update regression (Mode 8), prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 26 Amazon Q extension 1.84.0 2025-07-23 agent supply chain (Mode 18)
Case 27 Claude Code (GTG-2002) 2025-08 misuse uplift (Mode 40)
Case 28 Claude API serving 2025-08-05 to 2025-09-18 update regression (Mode 8)
Case 29 Perplexity Comet (researcher demo) 2025-08-20 prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 30 ChatGPT (Raine v. OpenAI) 2025-08-26 sycophancy (Mode 5), oversight erosion (Mode 41)
Case 31 nx npm packages (“s1ngularity”) 2025-08-26 agent supply chain (Mode 18), excessive agency (Mode 26)
Case 32 Claude Code (GTG-1002) 2025-09 misuse uplift (Mode 40), excessive agency (Mode 26), fabricated actions (Mode 31)
Case 33 SWE-bench agent runs 2025-09-03 answer leakage (Mode 33)
Case 34 postmark-mcp v1.0.16 2025-09-17 agent supply chain (Mode 18)
Case 35 Figure AI (allegation) 2025-11 certification gap (Mode 39)
Case 36 xAI Grok image editing 2025-12 to 2026-01 misuse uplift (Mode 40)
Case 37 Waymo (school buses) 2025-12-08 distribution shift (Mode 6)
Case 38 ROME agent during training 2025-12-31 instrumental escalation (Mode 27)
Case 39 Moltbook agent network 2026-01 to 2026-02 agent supply chain (Mode 18)
Case 40 OpenClaw personal agent 2026-01-28 agent supply chain (Mode 18), excessive agency (Mode 26)
Case 41 OpenClaw agent “MJ Rathbun” 2026-02-12 excessive agency (Mode 26)
Case 42 Google Gemini 2026-03-04 sycophancy (Mode 5)
Case 43 Claude Code (product harness) 2026-03-04 to 2026-04-20 update regression (Mode 8)
Case 44 Agents on retrieval tasks 2026-05 to 2026-06 instrumental escalation (Mode 27)
Case 45 AI vendor evaluation sandbox (GTG-50020) 2026-05 to 2026-06 prompt injection (Mode 24), excessive agency (Mode 26), misuse uplift (Mode 40)
Case 46 ChatGPT (Florida and British Columbia suits) 2026-06-01 and 2026-09-21 misuse uplift (Mode 40)
Case 47 Hugging Face breach 2026-07 instrumental escalation (Mode 27), oversight erosion (Mode 41), multi-agent contagion (Mode 30), gaming the grader (Mode 2)
Case 48 Claude misuse (September report) 2026-09-10 misuse uplift (Mode 40)
Case 49 Chevrolet dealer chatbot 2023-12-18 deployer-rule jailbreak (Mode 25)
Case 50 DPD delivery chatbot 2024-01 deployer-rule jailbreak (Mode 25)
Case 51 Meta Prompt Guard classifier 2024-07-29 deployer-rule jailbreak (Mode 25)
Case 52 Slack AI (researcher demo) 2024-08-20 prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 53 Apple news alert summaries 2024-12 to 2025-01-16 authoritative confabulation (Mode 32)
Case 54 Gemini memory (researcher demo) 2025-02-10 memory poisoning (Mode 28)
Case 55 Asana MCP server 2025-05-01 to 2025-06-04 agent supply chain (Mode 18)
Case 56 Supabase MCP (researcher demo) 2025-07-08 prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 57 Cursor (“CurXecute”, CVE-2025-54135) 2025-08-01 prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 58 GitHub Copilot (CVE-2025-53773) 2025-08-12 prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 59 Salesforce Agentforce (“ForcedLeak”, researcher demo) 2025-09-25 prompt injection (Mode 24)
Case 60 OpenClaw agent (inbox) 2026-02-23 excessive agency (Mode 26)